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Gambyong Dance is a traditional Javanese dance, especially in Central Java. Gambyong dance is the result of a blend of folk dance and palace dance. The origin of the word Gambyong was originally a name of a waranggana or a chosen woman (female entertainer) who is clever and expert in bringing a beautiful dance and lively. The full name of this waranggana is Mas Ajeng Gambyong.
The beginning of this gambyong dance is only as part of dance tayub or often called taledhek dance. The term of taledhek is also used as the title of a taledhek dancer, tayub dancer, and gambyong dancer. Gambyong Dance can also be interpreted as a single dance, which can only be performed by women or dancers who are shown as the beginning of a dance performance or can be called a dance party. Gambyongan itself has a meaning golekan or doll made of wood and describes a woman who was dancing in a show a wayang kulit at the closing.
As the times progressed, Gambyong Dance also experienced a change and development, especially in the form of presentation. Initially, the form of dish from gambyong dance is only dominated by creativity as well as interpretation of dancers with the rider. Subsequent developments or which are currently more dominated by choreography-choreography.
The development of this choreography, formerly in the beginning of the emergence of Gambyong Pareanom dance in 1950, precisely in Mangkunegaran, and compiled by someone named Nyi Bei Mintoraras. After the emergence of Gambyong Pareanom dance, many gambyong dance variants that have grown beyond Mangkunegaran, such as Gambyong Sala Minulya, Gambyong Mudhatama, Gambyong Pangkur, Gambyong Ayun-ayun and Gambyong Gambirsawit Gambyong Campursari and Gambyong Dewandaru.
From stage to stage, the development of gambyong dance in the 1980s was the most rapid development. It is characterized by the increasing number of modified serving forms such as from the motion elements with the changes of volume, motion quality, tempo, dynamics, and others.
Gambyong dance was formerly only as a spectacle and entertainment, but currently, gambyong dance is used for welcoming guests either in a variety of formal events or not. In addition, with the increase in terms of the number of dancers as well as coupled with a very varying age range. Currently, not surprised if the art of gambyong dance has been mixed in the various levels of education that exists, namely from early childhood to the level of Higher Education.